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Isotopes of Holmium

List, data and properties of all known isotopes of Holmium.

Content
Atomic properties
Decay properties
NMR active nuclides
Radiation protection
References
Holmium isotopes

All atomic nuclei of the chemical element holmium are summarized under holmium isotopes; these all consist of an atomic nucleus with 67 protons and, in the uncharged state, 67 electrons. The difference between each holmium isotope is based on the number of neutrons in the nucleus.

 

Naturally Occurring Holmium Isotopes

Only one isotope of holmium occurs in nature: 165Ho, standard atomic mass 164.93033(2) u.

All other known and characterized holmium nuclides are unstable and have no meaning for technical applications.

 

Isotope Table: Holmium

The two following tables list the most important data and properties of the Holmium isotopes. Further information on the individual Holmium isotopes is listed on separate pages and can be accessed via the link in column 1.

 

Atomic Properties

Isotope
Nuclide		ENAtomic Mass
[Nuclear Mass]
{Mass Excess}		Spin I
(h/2π)		Parent
123456
Holmium-14014067Ho73139.96859(54) u
[139.9318383 u]
{-29.25823 MeV}		(8+)
Holmium-14114167Ho74140.96311(43) u
[140.9263583 u]
{-34.36281 MeV}		(7/2-)
Holmium-141m141m67Ho74140.96311(43) u
[140.9263583 u]
{-34.36281 MeV}		(1/2+)
Holmium-14214267Ho75141.96001(43) u
[141.9232583 u]
{-37.25045 MeV}		(7-,8+)
Holmium-14314367Ho76142.95486(32) u
[142.9181083 u]
{-42.04764 MeV}		(11/2-)
Holmium-14414467Ho77143.952110(9) u
[143.9153583 u]
{-44.60925 MeV}		(5-)
Holmium-144m144m67Ho77143.952110(9) u
[143.9153583 u]
{-44.60925 MeV}		(8+)
Holmium-14514567Ho78144.947267(8) u
[144.9105153 u]
{-49.12047 MeV}		(11/2-)
Holmium-14614667Ho79145.944994(7) u
[145.9082423 u]
{-51.23776 MeV}		(6-)
Holmium-14714767Ho80146.940142(5) u
[146.9033903 u]
{-55.75737 MeV}		(11/2-)
Holmium-14814867Ho81147.93774(9) u
[147.9009883 u]
{-57.99482 MeV}		(1+)148Er
149Tm
Holmium-148m1148m167Ho81147.93774(9) u
[147.9009883 u]
{-57.99482 MeV}		(5)-
Holmium-148m2148m267Ho81147.93774(9) u
[147.9009883 u]
{-57.99482 MeV}		(10)+
Holmium-14914967Ho82148.933820(13) u
[148.8970683 u]
{-61.64627 MeV}		(11/2-)149Er
150Tm
153Tm
Holmium-149m1149m167Ho82148.933820(13) u
[148.8970683 u]
{-61.64627 MeV}		(1/2+)
Holmium-15015067Ho83149.933498(15) u
[149.8967463 u]
{-61.94621 MeV}		(2)-150Er
154Tm
Holmium-150m1150m167Ho83149.933498(15) u
[149.8967463 u]
{-61.94621 MeV}		(9)+
Holmium-15115167Ho84150.931698(9) u
[150.8949463 u]
{-63.6229 MeV}		(11/2-)151Er
155Tm
Holmium-151m151m67Ho84150.931698(9) u
[150.8949463 u]
{-63.6229 MeV}		(1/2+)
Holmium-15215267Ho85151.931717(13) u
[151.8949653 u]
{-63.6052 MeV}		2-152Er
156Tm
Holmium-152m152m67Ho85151.931717(13) u
[151.8949653 u]
{-63.6052 MeV}		9+
Holmium-15315367Ho86152.930207(5) u
[152.8934553 u]
{-65.01176 MeV}		11/2-153Er
Holmium-153m153m67Ho86152.930207(5) u
[152.8934553 u]
{-65.01176 MeV}		1/2+
Holmium-15415467Ho87153.930607(9) u
[153.8938553 u]
{-64.63916 MeV}		2-154Er
Holmium-154m154m67Ho87153.930607(9) u
[153.8938553 u]
{-64.63916 MeV}		8+
Holmium-15515567Ho88154.929104(19) u
[154.8923523 u]
{-66.0392 MeV}		5/2+155Er
Holmium-155m155m67Ho88154.929104(19) u
[154.8923523 u]
{-66.0392 MeV}		11/2-
Holmium-15615667Ho89155.92971(6) u
[155.8929583 u]
{-65.47471 MeV}		4-156Er
Holmium-156m1156m167Ho89155.92971(6) u
[155.8929583 u]
{-65.47471 MeV}		1-
Holmium-156m2156m267Ho89155.92971(6) u
[155.8929583 u]
{-65.47471 MeV}		9+
Holmium-15715767Ho90156.928252(25) u
[156.8915003 u]
{-66.83283 MeV}		7/2-157Er
Holmium-15815867Ho91157.928945(29) u
[157.8921933 u]
{-66.18731 MeV}		5+158Er
Holmium-158m1158m167Ho91157.928945(29) u
[157.8921933 u]
{-66.18731 MeV}		2-
Holmium-158m2158m267Ho91157.928945(29) u
[157.8921933 u]
{-66.18731 MeV}		(9+)
Holmium-15915967Ho92158.927719(3) u
[158.8909673 u]
{-67.32932 MeV}		7/2-159Er
Holmium-159m159m67Ho92158.927719(3) u
[158.8909673 u]
{-67.32932 MeV}		1/2+
Holmium-16016067Ho93159.928735(16) u
[159.8919833 u]
{-66.38292 MeV}		5+160Er
Holmium-160m1160m167Ho93159.928735(16) u
[159.8919833 u]
{-66.38292 MeV}		2-
Holmium-160m2160m267Ho93159.928735(16) u
[159.8919833 u]
{-66.38292 MeV}		(9+)
Holmium-16116167Ho94160.9278608(24) u
[160.8911091 u]
{-67.19723 MeV}		7/2-161Er
Holmium-161m161m67Ho94160.9278608(24) u
[160.8911091 u]
{-67.19723 MeV}		1/2+
Holmium-16216267Ho95161.929101(3) u
[161.8923493 u]
{-66.04199 MeV}		1+
Holmium-162m162m67Ho95161.929101(3) u
[161.8923493 u]
{-66.04199 MeV}		6-
Holmium-16316367Ho96162.9287399(8) u
[162.8919882 u]
{-66.37836 MeV}		7/2-163Er
Holmium-163m163m67Ho96162.9287399(8) u
[162.8919882 u]
{-66.37836 MeV}		1/2+
Holmium-16416467Ho97163.9302395(16) u
[163.8934878 u]
{-64.98149 MeV}		1+
Holmium-164m164m67Ho97163.9302395(16) u
[163.8934878 u]
{-64.98149 MeV}		6-
Holmium-16516567Ho98164.93033(2) u
[164.8935783 u]
{-64.89719 MeV}		7/2-165Er
165Dy
Holmium-16616667Ho99165.9322901(11) u
[165.8955384 u]
{-63.07137 MeV}		0-166Dy
Holmium-166m166m67Ho99165.9322901(11) u
[165.8955384 u]
{-63.07137 MeV}		7-
Holmium-16716767Ho100166.933139(6) u
[166.8963873 u]
{-62.28062 MeV}		7/2-167Dy
Holmium-16816867Ho101167.93552(3) u
[167.8987683 u]
{-60.06273 MeV}		3+168Dy
Holmium-168m168m67Ho101167.93552(3) u
[167.8987683 u]
{-60.06273 MeV}		(6+)
Holmium-16916967Ho102168.936879(22) u
[168.9001273 u]
{-58.79683 MeV}		7/2-169Dy
Holmium-17017067Ho103169.93963(5) u
[169.9028783 u]
{-56.23429 MeV}		(6+)
Holmium-170m170m67Ho103169.93963(5) u
[169.9028783 u]
{-56.23429 MeV}		(1+)
Holmium-17117167Ho104170.94147(64) u
[170.9047183 u]
{-54.52034 MeV}		(7/2-)
Holmium-17217267Ho105171.94473(21) u
[171.9079783 u]
{-51.48367 MeV}
Holmium-17317367Ho106172.94702(32) u
[172.9102683 u]
{-49.35055 MeV}		(7/2-)
Holmium-17417467Ho107173.95095(32) u
[173.9141983 u]
{-45.68978 MeV}		(8-)
Holmium-17517567Ho108174.95362(43) u
[174.9168683 u]
{-43.20269 MeV}		(7/2-)

 

Radioactive Decay Properties

IsotopeRadioactive DecayExtern
Half-lifeDecay ModeProbabilityEnergy
789101112
Ho-1406(3) msp → 139Dy100 %AL
Ho-1414.1(3) msp → 140Dy100 %AL
Ho-141m7.3(3) μsp → 140Dy100 %
Ho-1420.4(1) sp → 141Dy
EC/β+ → 142Dy
ε, p → 141Tb		ca. 0 %
ca. 100 %
> 0 %
12.87(83) MeV
AL
Ho-143EC/β+ ?
ε, p ?

AL
Ho-1440.7(1) sEC/β+ → 144Dy
ε, p → 143Tb		100 %
?		11.961(11) MeV
AL
Ho-144m506(20) nsIso → 144Ho100 %
Ho-1452.4(1) sEC/β+ → 145Dy100 %9.122(10) MeVAL
Ho-1463.32(22) sEC/β+ → 146Dy
EC, p 145Tb		100 %
?		11.317(9) MeV
AL
Ho-1475.8(4) sEC/β+ → 147Dy100 %8.439(10) MeVAL
Ho-1482.2(11) sEC/β+ → 148Dy100 %9.87(8) MeVAL
Ho-148m19.59(15) sEC/β+ → 148Dy
ε, p → 147Tb		99.92(1) %
0.08(1) %
Ho-148m22.36(6) msIso → 148Ho100 %
Ho-14921.1(2) sEC/β+ → 149Dy100 %6.049(15) MeVAL
Ho-149m156(3) sEC/β+ → 149Dy100 %
Ho-15072(4) sEC/β+ → 150Dy100 %7.364(15) MeVAL
Ho-150m123.5(3) sEC/β+ → 150Dy100 %
Ho-15135.2(1) sEC/β+ → 151Dy
α → 147Tb		78(3) %
22(3) %		5.130(9) MeV
4.6950(18) MeV		AL
Ho-151m47.2(13) sEC/β+ → 151Dy
α → 147Tb		ca. 20 %
ca. 80 %
Ho-152161.8(3) sEC/β+ → 152Dy
α → 148Tb		88(3) %
12(3) %		6.513(13) MeV
4.5074(13) MeV		AL
Ho-152m49.8(2) sEC/β+ → 152Dy
α → 148Tb		89.2(17) %
10.8(27) %
Ho-1532.01(3) minEC/β+ → 153Dy
α → 149Tb		99.949(25) %
0.051(25) %		4.131(6) MeV
4.052(4) MeV		AL
Ho-153m9.3(5) minEC/β+ → 153Dy
α → 149Tb		99.82(8) %
0.18(8) %
Ho-15411.76(19) minEC/β+ → 154Dy
α → 150Tb		99.981(5) %
0.019(5) %		5.755(11) MeV
4.041(4) MeV		AL
Ho-154m3.10(14) minEC/β+ → 154Dy
α → 150Tb
Iso → 154Ho		> 99 %
< 0.001 %
ca. 0 %
Ho-15548(1) minEC/β+ → 155Dy100 %3.116(20) MeVAL
Ho-155m0.88(8) msIso → 155Ho100 %
Ho-15656(1) minEC/β+ → 156Dy100 %5.05(6) MeVAL
Ho-156m19.5(15) sIso → 156Ho100 %
Ho-156m27.6(3) minIso → 156Ho
EC/β+ → 156Dy		25 %
75 %
Ho-15712.6(2) minEC/β+ → 157Dy100 %2.592(24) MeVAL
Ho-15811.3(4) minEC/β+ → 158Dy100 %4.220(27) MeVAL
Ho-158m128(2) minEC/β+ → 158Dy
Iso → 158Ho		< 19 %
> 81 %
Ho-158m221.3(23) minEC/β+ → 158Dy
Iso → 158Ho		≥ 93 %
≤ 7 %
Ho-15933.05(11) minEC/β+ → 159Dy100 %1.838(3) MeVAL
Ho-159m8.30(8) sIso → 159Ho100 %
Ho-16025.6(3) minEC/β+ → 160Dy100 %3.290(15) MeVAL
Ho-160m15.02(5) hEC/β+ → 160Dy
Iso → 160Ho		27(3) %
73(3) %
Ho-160m23 sIso → 160Ho100 %
Ho-1612.48(5) hEC → 161Dy100 %0.8585(24) MeVAL
Ho-161m6.76(7) sIso → 161Ho100 %
Ho-16215.0(10) minEC/β+ → 162Dy100 %2.140(3) MeVAL
Ho-162m67.0(7) minEC/β+ → 162Dy
Iso → 162Ho		38 %
62 %
Ho-1634570(25) aEC → 163Dy100 %2.56 MeVAL
Ho-163m1.09(3) sIso → 163Ho100 %
Ho-16428.8(5) minEC/β+ → 164Dy
β- → 164Er		60(5) %
40(5) %		0.9865(17) MeV
0.9614(14) MeV		AL
Ho-164m36.6(3) minIso → 164Ho100 %
Ho-165stableAL
Ho-16626.824(12) hβ- → 166Er100 %1.8547(9) MeVAL
Ho-166m1200(180) aβ- → 166Er100 %
Ho-1673.1(1) hβ- → 167Er100 %1.011(5) MeVAL
Ho-1682.99(7) minβ- → 168Er100 %2.93(3) MeVAL
Ho-168m132(4) sβ- → 168Er
Iso → 168Ho		≤ 0.5 %
≥ 99.5 %
Ho-1694.72(10) minβ- → 169Er100 %2.126(2) MeVAL
Ho-1702.76(5) minβ- → 170Er100 %3.87(5) MeVAL
Ho-170m43(2) sβ- → 170Er100 %
Ho-17153(2) sβ- → 171Er100 %3.2(6) MeVAL
Ho-17225(3) sβ- → 172Er100 %4.87 MeVAL
Ho-1736.9(5) sβ- → 173Er100 %4.30(36) MeVAL
Ho-1743.2(11) sβ- → 174Er
β-, n → 173Er		100 %
?		6.26(42) MeV
AL
Ho-1751.9(6) sβ- → 175Er
β-, n → 174Er		100 %
?		5.45(57) MeV
0.67(50) MeV		AL

 

Notes (related to the columns):

1 - name of the nuclide, isotope.
2 - E: isotope symbol with mass number (superscript; number of nucleons) and Atomic number (subscript; number of protons).
3 - N: number of neutrons.
4 - relative atomic mass of the Holmium isotope (isotopic mass including electrons) and the mass of the atomic nucleus in square brackets (nuclear mass, nuclide mass without electrons), each related to 12C = 12.00000 [2]. In addition, the mass excess is given in MeV.
5 - nuclear spin I, unit: h/2π.
6 - source nuclides: Possible, assumed or actual source nuclides (mother nuclides, parent nuclides). If applicable, the corresponding decay modes can be found in the data for the respective starting nuclide.

7 - isotope notation in short form.
8 - decay: half-live of the Holmium isotope (a = years; ; d = days; h = hours; min = minutes; s = seconds).
9 - decay mode: type of decay into the respective daughter nuclides with n = neutron emission; p = proton emission; α = alpha decay; β- = beta minus decay with electron emission; EC = electron capture; β+ = positron emission; ε = β+ and/or EC; Iso = isomeric transition; CD = cluster decay; SF = spontaneous decay.
10 - decay probability in percent (%).
11 - decay energy; Particle energy related to decay type.
12 - other information and notes: AL = Adopted Levels (link to external data [1]).

Miscellaneous:

()- Numbers in brackets: uncertainty to represent the spread of the reported value.
~ - Theoretical values or systematic trends.
  - unlisted-: Nuclides that have already been mentioned in the literature but for some reason can no longer be found in the current nuclide tables because their discovery e.g. has not confirmed.

 

NMR active Holmium nuclides

Nuclide
quantity 1)
spin		Nuclear
magnetic
moment
μ/μN		Gyromagnetic ratio
{Quadrupole moment}		Resonant
frequency
v0 bei 1 T		Relative
sensitivity
H0 = const.
v0 = const. 3)
165Ho
100 %
7/2-		+ 4,177(5)5,710
{+ 3,58(2)}		9,08830,20423
4,4826

1) Quantity Percentage of natural occurrence.

2) Gyromagnetic ratio: 107 rad T-1 s-1
    Quadrupole moment: Q [barn] = [100 fm2]

3) Related to 1H = 1,000.

 

Radiation Protection

According to the Radiation Protection Ordinance (StrlSchV 2018, Germany), the following values (columns 1 to 7) apply to the handling of Holmium radionuclides:

NuclideLimit ValueHASS limitSCDaughter NuclidesHalf-life
Ho-155106 Bq100 Bq/g48.0 min
Ho-157+106 Bq100 Bq/g12.6 min
Ho-159106 Bq100 Bq/g33.1 min
Ho-161107 Bq100 Bq/g2.5 h
Ho-162107 Bq100 Bq/g15.0 min
Ho-162m+106 Bq10 Bq/g67.0 min
Ho-164106 Bq1000 Bq/g28.6 min
Ho-164m+107 Bq1000 Bq/g37.0 min
Ho-166105 Bq100 Bq/g2 TBq100 Bq cm-226.8 h
Ho-166m106 Bq0,1 Bq/g0,04 TBq1200 a
Ho-167+106 Bq100 Bq/g3.1 h

(HASS = High-Activity Sealed Radioactive Sources; SC = surface contamination)

 

Literature Sources and References

Properties of the Holmium nucleides

[1] - NuDat: National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, based on ENSDF and the Nuclear Wallet Cards.

[2] - G. Audi et. al.: The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties. Nuclear Physics, (2003), DOI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.

[3] - Live Chart of Nuclides. Nuclear structure and decay data.

Holmium: NMR properties - 165Ho-NMR

[4] - N. J. Stone: Table of nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, (2005), DOI 10.1016/j.adt.2005.04.001.

[5] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2008 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2008), DOI 10.1080/00268970802018367.

[6] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2017 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2018), DOI 10.1080/00268976.2018.1426131.

[7] - N. J. Stone: Table of recommended nuclear magnetic dipole moments. IAEA, (2019).

More sources:

[8] - Isotopic abundances, atomic weights and isotopic masses: see respective keyword.

[9] - C. Fry, M. Thoennessen:
Discovery of dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium and ytterbium isotopes.
In: Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, (2012), DOI 10.1016/j.adt.2012.05.004.

[10] - T. P. D. Swan, P. M. Walker, Zs. Podolyák, M. W. Reed, G. D. Dracoulis, G. J. Lane, T. Kibédi, M. L. Smith:
Discovery of isomers in dysprosium, holmium, and erbium isotopes with N=94 to 97.
In: Physical Review C, (2012), DOI 10.1103/PhysRevC.85.024313.

 

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