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Isotopes of Iodine

List, data and properties of all known isotopes of Iodine.

Content
Atomic properties
Decay properties
NMR active nuclides
Radiation protection
References
Iodine isotopes

Of the 37 known isotopes, the chemical element iodine occurs in nature only in the form of the stable isotope iodine-127 - there are also small traces of iodine-129 from cosmogenic and anthropogenic sources.

The standard atomic mass of iodine is 126.90447(3) u.

 

Naturally Occurring Iodine Isotopes

Atomic Mass maQuantityHalf-lifeSpin
Iodine
Isotopic mixture		126,90447 u100 %
Isotope 127I126,90447(3) u100 %stable5/2+

 

Isotope Table: Iodine

The two following tables list the most important data and properties of the Iodine isotopes. Further information on the individual Iodine isotopes is listed on separate pages and can be accessed via the link in column 1.

 

Atomic Properties

Isotope
Nuclide		ENAtomic Mass
[Nuclear Mass]
{Mass Excess}		Spin I
(h/2π)		Parent
123456
Iodine-10810853I55107.94348(14) u
[107.9144071 u]
{-52.64804 MeV}		(1)
Iodine-10910953I56108.938086(7) u
[108.9090131 u]
{-57.67252 MeV}		(1/2+,3/2+)
Iodine-11011053I57109.93509(5) u
[109.9060171 u]
{-60.46328 MeV}		(1+)110Xe
114Cs
Iodine-11111153I58110.930269(5) u
[110.9011961 u]
{-64.95401 MeV}		(5/2+)
Iodine-11211253I59111.928005(11) u
[111.8989321 u]
{-67.06291 MeV}		(1+)112Xe
Iodine-11311353I60112.923650(9) u
[112.8945771 u]
{-71.11957 MeV}		5/2+114Cs
Iodine-11411453I61113.92185(16) u
[113.8927771 u]
{-72.79626 MeV}		1+114Xe
Iodine-114m114m53I61113.92185(16) u
[113.8927771 u]
{-72.79626 MeV}		(7)
Iodine-11511553I62114.91805(3) u
[114.8889771 u]
{-76.33593 MeV}		(5/2+)115Xe
Iodine-11611653I63115.91681(10) u
[115.8877371 u]
{-77.49099 MeV}		1+116Xe
Iodine-116m116m53I63115.91681(10) u
[115.8877371 u]
{-77.49099 MeV}		(7-)
Iodine-11711753I64116.913648(28) u
[116.8845751 u]
{-80.43637 MeV}		(5/2)+117Xe
Iodine-11811853I65117.913074(21) u
[117.8840011 u]
{-80.97105 MeV}		2-118Xe
Iodine-118m118m53I65117.913074(21) u
[117.8840011 u]
{-80.97105 MeV}		(7-)
Iodine-11911953I66118.91007(3) u
[118.8809971 u]
{-83.76926 MeV}		5/2+119Xe
Iodine-12012053I67119.910087(16) u
[119.8810141 u]
{-83.75342 MeV}		2-120Xe
Iodine-120m1120m153I67119.910087(16) u
[119.8810141 u]
{-83.75342 MeV}		1+,2+,3+
Iodine-120m2120m253I67119.910087(16) u
[119.8810141 u]
{-83.75342 MeV}		(7-)
Iodine-12112153I68120.907405(6) u
[120.8783321 u]
{-86.25169 MeV}		5/2+121Xe
Iodine-121m121m53I68120.907405(6) u
[120.8783321 u]
{-86.25169 MeV}
Iodine-12212253I69121.907589(6) u
[121.8785161 u]
{-86.08029 MeV}		1+122Xe
Iodine-12312353I70122.905590(4) u
[122.8765171 u]
{-87.94235 MeV}		5/2+123Xe
Iodine-12412453I71123.9062103(25) u
[123.8771374 u]
{-87.36454 MeV}		2-
Iodine-12512553I72124.9046306(15) u
[124.8755577 u]
{-88.83602 MeV}		5/2+125Xe
Iodine-12612653I73125.905623(4) u
[125.8765501 u]
{-87.91161 MeV}		2-
Iodine-12712753I74126.90447(3) u
[126.8753971 u]
{-88.98562 MeV}		5/2+127Xe
127Te
Iodine-12812853I75127.905809(4) u
[127.8767361 u]
{-87.73835 MeV}		1+
Iodine-128m1128m153I75127.905809(4) u
[127.8767361 u]
{-87.73835 MeV}		4-
Iodine-128m2128m253I75127.905809(4) u
[127.8767361 u]
{-87.73835 MeV}		(6)-
Iodine-12912953I76128.904984(3) u
[128.8759111 u]
{-88.50683 MeV}		7/2+129Te
Iodine-13013053I77129.906670(3) u
[129.8775971 u]
{-86.93634 MeV}		5+
Iodine-130m1130m153I77129.906670(3) u
[129.8775971 u]
{-86.93634 MeV}		2+
Iodine-130m2130m253I77129.906670(3) u
[129.8775971 u]
{-86.93634 MeV}		(6)-
Iodine-130m3130m353I77129.906670(3) u
[129.8775971 u]
{-86.93634 MeV}		?
Iodine-130m4130m453I77129.906670(3) u
[129.8775971 u]
{-86.93634 MeV}		(6)-
Iodine-13113153I78130.9061264(6) u
[130.8770535 u]
{-87.4427 MeV}		7/2+131Te
Iodine-13213253I79131.907994(4) u
[131.8789211 u]
{-85.70304 MeV}		4+132Te
Iodine-132m132m53I79131.907994(4) u
[131.8789211 u]
{-85.70304 MeV}		(8-)
Iodine-13313353I80132.907827(7) u
[132.8787541 u]
{-85.8586 MeV}		7/2+133Te
Iodine-133m1133m153I80132.907827(7) u
[132.8787541 u]
{-85.8586 MeV}		(19/2-)
Iodine-133m2133m253I80132.907827(7) u
[132.8787541 u]
{-85.8586 MeV}		(15/2-)
Iodine-133m3133m353I80132.907827(7) u
[132.8787541 u]
{-85.8586 MeV}		(19/2+)
Iodine-133m4133m453I80132.907827(7) u
[132.8787541 u]
{-85.8586 MeV}		(23/2+)
Iodine-13413453I81133.909776(5) u
[133.8807031 u]
{-84.04311 MeV}		(4)+134Te
Iodine-134m134m53I81133.909776(5) u
[133.8807031 u]
{-84.04311 MeV}		(8)-
Iodine-13513553I82134.9100594(22) u
[134.8809865 u]
{-83.77913 MeV}		7/2+135Te
136Te
248Cm
Iodine-13613653I83135.914605(15) u
[135.8855321 u]
{-79.54493 MeV}		(1-)136Te
137Te
248Cm
252Cf
Iodine-136m136m53I83135.914605(15) u
[135.8855321 u]
{-79.54493 MeV}		(6-)
Iodine-13713753I84136.918028(9) u
[136.8889551 u]
{-76.35643 MeV}		(7/2+)137Te
248Cm
Iodine-13813853I85137.922726(6) u
[137.8936531 u]
{-71.98027 MeV}		(1-)138Te
Iodine-138m138m53I85137.922726(6) u
[137.8936531 u]
{-71.98027 MeV}		(3-)
Iodine-13913953I86138.926493(4) u
[138.8974201 u]
{-68.47133 MeV}		(7/2+)139Te
Iodine-14014053I87139.931716(13) u
[139.9026431 u]
{-63.60614 MeV}		(4-)140Te
Iodine-14114153I88140.935666(17) u
[140.9065931 u]
{-59.92673 MeV}		141Te
Iodine-14214253I89141.9412(4) u
[141.9121271 u]
{-54.77185 MeV}		142Te
Iodine-14314353I90142.94565(21) u
[142.9165771 u]
{-50.6267 MeV}
Iodine-14414453I91143.95134(43) u
[143.9222671 u]
{-45.3265 MeV}
Iodine-14514553I92144.95605(54) u
[144.9269771 u]
{-40.93916 MeV}

 

Radioactive Decay Properties

IsotopeRadioactive DecayExtern
Half-lifeDecay ModeProbabilityEnergy
789101112
I-10836(6) msα → 104Sb
EC/β+ → 108Te
p → 107Te		91(15) %
9 %
< 1 %		4.10(5) MeV
13.13(13) MeV
AL
I-10992.8(8) μsp → 108Te
α → 105Sb		99.986(4) %
0.014(4) %
3.918(21) MeV		AL
I-110664(24) msEC/β+ → 110Te
α → 106Sb
EC, p → 109Sb
EC, α → 106Sn		83(4) %
17(4) %
11(3) %
1.09 %		11.77(5) MeV
3.58(5) MeV

AL
I-1112.5(2) sEC/β+ → 111Te
α → 107Sb		99.9 %
0.1 %		8.634(8) MeV
3.275(5) MeV		AL
I-1123.34(8) sEC/β+ → 112Te
EC, p → 111Sb
EC, α → 109Sn
α → 108Sb		99.01 %
0.88 %
0.104 %
0.0012 %		10.504(13) MeV


2.957(12) MeV		AL
I-1136.6(2) sα → 109Sb
EC/β+ → 113Te		selten
~100 %		2.707(10) MeV
7.228(29) MeV		AL
I-1142.1(2) sEC/β+ → 114Te
β+, p → 113Sb		100 %
?		9.09(15) MeV
AL
I-114m6.2(5) sEC/β+ → 114Te
Iso 114I		91(2) %
9(2) %
I-1151.3(2) minEC/β+ → 115Te100 %5.72(5) MeVAL
I-1162.91(15) sEC/β+ → 116Te7.78(10) MeVAL
I-116m3.27 μsIso → 116I100 %
I-1172.22(4) minEC/β+ → 117Te100 %4.659(29) MeVAL
I-11813.7(5) minEC/β+ → 118Te6.726(27) MeVAL
I-118m8.5(5) minEC/β+ → 118Te
Iso → 118I		< 100 %
> 100 %
I-11919.1(4) minβ+ → 119Te
EC → 119Te		51(4) %
49(4) %		3.416(29) MeV
AL
I-12081.6(2) minEC/β+ → 120Te100 %5.615(16) MeVAL
I-120m1228(15) ns
I-120m253(4) minEC/β+ → 120Te100 %
I-1212.12(1) hEC/β+ → 121Te100 %2.294(26) MeVAL
I-121m9.0(14) μs
I-1223.63(6) minEC/β+ → 122Te100 %4.234(5) MeVAL
I-12313.2230(19) hEC 123Te100 %1.228(4) MeVAL
I-1244.1760(3) dEC/β+ → 124Te100 %3.1596(27) MeVAL
I-12559.407(10) dEC → 125Te100 %0.1858(21) MeVAL
I-12612.93(5) dEC/β+ → 126Te
β- → 126Xe		52.7(5) %
44.3(5) %		2.154(4) MeV
1.236(5) MeV		AL
I-127stableAL
I-12824.99(2) minβ- → 128Xe
EC/β+ → 128Te		93.1(8) %
6.9(8) %		2.122(4) MeV
1.255(4) MeV		AL
I-128m10.845(20) μs
I-128m2175(15) ns
I-1291.57(4) × 107 aβ- → 129Xe100 %0.189(3) MeVAL
I-13012.36(1) hβ- → 130Xe100 %2.944(3) MeVAL
I-130m18.84(6) minβ- → 130Xe
Iso → 130I		16(2) %
84(2) %		~ 3 MeV
I-130m2133(7) ns
I-130m3315(15) ns
I-130m4254(4) ns
I-1318.0252(6) dβ- → 131Xe100 %0.9708(6) MeVAL
I-1322.295(13) hβ- → 132Xe100 %3.575(4) MeVAL
I-132m1.387(15) hβ- → 132Xe
Iso 132I		14(2) %
86(2) %
I-13320.83(8) hβ- → 133Xe100 %1.785(7) MeVAL
I-133m19(2) sIso 133I100 %
I-133m2170 ns
I-133m30.78(16) μs
I-133m4469(15) ns
I-13452.5(2) minβ- → 134Xe100 %4.082(5) MeVAL
I-134m3.52(4) minβ- → 134Xe
Iso 134I		2.3 %
97.7 %		~ 4 MeV
0.316 MeV
I-1356.58(3) hβ- → 135Xe100 %2.634(4) MeVAL
I-13683.4(10) sβ- → 136Xe100 %6.884(14) MeVAL
I-136m46.6(11) sβ- → 136Xe100 %
I-13724.5(2) sβ- → 137Xe
β- →, n 136Xe		92.86 %
7.14 %		6.027(8) MeV
2.002(8) MeV		AL
I-1386.26(3) sβ- → 138Xe
β- →, n 137Xe		94.54 %
5.46 %		7.992(7) MeV
2.332(6) MeV		AL
I-138m1.26(16) μsIso → 138I100 %
I-1392.280(11) sβ- → 139Xe
β- →, n 138Xe		90 %
10.0(3) %		7.174(5) MeV
3.430(5) MeV		AL
I-1400.86(4) sβ- → 140Xe
β-, n → 139Xe		92.40 %
7.60(28) %		9.380(12) MeV
3.967(13) MeV		AL
I-1410.43(2) sβ- → 141Xe
β- →, n 140Xe		78.8 %
21.2 %		8.271(16) MeV
4.988(16) MeV		AL
I-142222(12) msβ- → 142Xe
β- →, n 141Xe		75 %
25 %		10.46(37) MeV
5.36(37) MeV		AL
I-143130(45) msβ- → 143Xe?AL
I-144300 nsβ- → 144Xe?11.59(40) MeVAL
I-145407 nsβ- → 145Xe
β-, n → 144Xe		?
?		10.55(50) MeV
7.86(50) MeV		AL

 

Notes (related to the columns):

1 - name of the nuclide, isotope.
2 - E: isotope symbol with mass number (superscript; number of nucleons) and Atomic number (subscript; number of protons).
3 - N: number of neutrons.
4 - relative atomic mass of the Iodine isotope (isotopic mass including electrons) and the mass of the atomic nucleus in square brackets (nuclear mass, nuclide mass without electrons), each related to 12C = 12.00000 [2]. In addition, the mass excess is given in MeV.
5 - nuclear spin I, unit: h/2π.
6 - source nuclides: Possible, assumed or actual source nuclides (mother nuclides, parent nuclides). If applicable, the corresponding decay modes can be found in the data for the respective starting nuclide.

7 - isotope notation in short form.
8 - decay: half-live of the Iodine isotope (a = years; ; d = days; h = hours; min = minutes; s = seconds).
9 - decay mode: type of decay into the respective daughter nuclides with n = neutron emission; p = proton emission; α = alpha decay; β- = beta minus decay with electron emission; EC = electron capture; β+ = positron emission; ε = β+ and/or EC; Iso = isomeric transition; CD = cluster decay; SF = spontaneous decay.
10 - decay probability in percent (%).
11 - decay energy; Particle energy related to decay type.
12 - other information and notes: AL = Adopted Levels (link to external data [1]).

Miscellaneous:

()- Numbers in brackets: uncertainty to represent the spread of the reported value.
~ - Theoretical values or systematic trends.
  - unlisted-: Nuclides that have already been mentioned in the literature but for some reason can no longer be found in the current nuclide tables because their discovery e.g. has not confirmed.

 

NMR active Iodine nuclides

Nuclide
quantity 1)
spin		Nuclear
magnetic
moment
μ/μN		Gyromagnetic ratio
{Quadrupole moment}		Resonant
frequency
v0 bei 1 T		Relative
sensitivity
H0 = const.
v0 = const. 3)
127I
100 %
5/2+		+2,8087(14)5,3817
{- 0,68822}		8,57780,09540
2,3504

1) Quantity Percentage of natural occurrence.

2) Gyromagnetic ratio: 107 rad T-1 s-1
    Quadrupole moment: Q [barn] = [100 fm2]

3) Related to 1H = 1,000.

 

Radiation Protection

According to the Radiation Protection Ordinance (StrlSchV 2018, Germany), the following values (columns 1 to 7) apply to the handling of Iodine radionuclides:

NuclideLimit ValueHASS limitSCDaughter NuclidesHalf-life
I-120105 Bq10 Bq/g1.4 h
I-120m105 Bq10 Bq/g53.0 min
I-121106 Bq100 Bq/g2.1 h
I-123107 Bq100 Bq/g0,5 TBq10 Bq cm-213.2 h
I-124106 Bq10 Bq/g0,06 TBq4.2 d
I-125106 Bq100 Bq/g0,2 TBq10 Bq cm-259.4 d
I-126106 Bq10 Bq/g0,1 TBq10 Bq cm-213.0 d
I-128105 Bq100 Bq/g25.0 min
I-129105 Bq100 Bq/gUnbegrenzt (UL)0,06 Bq/cm21.6 × 107 a
I-130106 Bq10 Bq/g1 Bq cm-212.4 h
I-131106 Bq10 Bq/g0,2 TBq10 Bq cm-28.0 d
I-132105 Bq10 Bq/g0,03 TBq1 Bq cm-22.3 h
I-132m106 Bq100 Bq/g83.0 min
I-133106 Bq10 Bq/g0,1 TBq10 Bq cm-2Xe133/133m20.8 h
I-134105 Bq10 Bq/g0,03 TBq1 Bq cm-252.5 min
I-135+106 Bq10 Bq/g0,04 TBq1 Bq cm-2Xe135/135m6.6 h

(HASS = High-Activity Sealed Radioactive Sources; SC = surface contamination)

 

Literature Sources and References

Properties of the Iodine nucleides

[1] - NuDat: National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, based on ENSDF and the Nuclear Wallet Cards.

[2] - G. Audi et. al.: The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties. Nuclear Physics, (2003), DOI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.

[3] - Live Chart of Nuclides. Nuclear structure and decay data.

Iodine: NMR properties - 127I-NMR

[4] - N. J. Stone: Table of nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, (2005), DOI 10.1016/j.adt.2005.04.001.

[5] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2008 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2008), DOI 10.1080/00268970802018367.

[6] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2017 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2018), DOI 10.1080/00268976.2018.1426131.

[7] - N. J. Stone: Table of recommended nuclear magnetic dipole moments. IAEA, (2019).

More sources:

[8] - Isotopic abundances, atomic weights and isotopic masses: see respective keyword.

[9] - J. Kathawa, C. Fry, M. Thoennessen:
Discovery of palladium, antimony, tellurium, iodine, and xenon isotopes.
In: Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, (2013), DOI 10.1016/j.adt.2012.01.004.

 

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