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Isotopes of Manganese

List, data and properties of all known isotopes of Manganese.


Content

Manganese isotopes

All atomic nuclei of the chemical element manganese are summarized under manganese isotopes; these all consist of an atomic nucleus with 25 protons and, in the uncharged state, 25 electrons. The difference between each manganese isotope is based on the number of neutrons in the nucleus.

 

Naturally Occurring Manganese Isotopes

The transition element manganese occurs in nature only in the form of its stable isotope Mn-55. All other manganese isotopes are unstable radionuclides; a total of 25 radioisotopes and several nuclear isomers are known.

 

The standard atomic mass of manganese is 54.938044(3) u.

 

Isotope Table: Manganese

The two following tables list the most important data and properties of the Manganese isotopes. Further information on the individual Manganese isotopes is listed on separate pages and can be accessed via the link in column 1.

 

Atomic Properties

Isotope
Nuclide
ENAtomic Mass
[Nuclear Mass]
{Mass Excess}
Spin I
(h/2π)
Parent
123456
Manganese-424225Mn1742.0 u
[41.9862858 u]
{0 MeV}
Manganese-434325Mn1843.0(2) u
[42.9862858 u]
{0 MeV}
Manganese-444425Mn1944.00755(54) u
[43.9938358 u]
{7.03278 MeV}
(2-)~45Fe
Manganese-454525Mn2044.99436(43) u
[44.9806458 u]
{-5.25363 MeV}
(7/2-)~
Manganese-464625Mn2145.98651(43) u
[45.9727958 u]
{-12.56585 MeV}
(4+)46Fe
Manganese-46m46m25Mn2145.98651(43) u
[45.9727958 u]
{-12.56585 MeV}
1-~
Manganese-474725Mn2246.97577(3) u
[46.9620558 u]
{-22.5701 MeV}
(5/2-)47Fe
Manganese-484825Mn2347.968549(7) u
[47.9548348 u]
{-29.29642 MeV}
4+48Fe
Manganese-494925Mn2448.9596126(24) u
[48.9458984 u]
{-37.62062 MeV}
5/2-49Fe
Manganese-505025Mn2549.9542374(5) u
[49.9405232 u]
{-42.62759 MeV}
0+50Fe
Manganese-50m50m25Mn2549.9542374(5) u
[49.9405232 u]
{-42.62759 MeV}
5+
Manganese-515125Mn2650.9482081(5) u
[50.9344939 u]
{-48.24384 MeV}
5/2-51Fe
Manganese-525225Mn2751.9455635(20) u
[51.9318493 u]
{-50.70727 MeV}
6+52Fe
Manganese-52m52m25Mn2751.9455635 u
[51.9318493 u]
{-50.70727 MeV}
2+
Manganese-535325Mn2852.9412877(5) u
[52.9275735 u]
{-54.69016 MeV}
7/2-53Fe
Manganese-545425Mn2953.9403564(11) u
[53.9266422 u]
{-55.55766 MeV}
3+
Manganese-555525Mn3054.938044(3) u
[54.9243298 u]
{-57.71164 MeV}
5/2-55Fe
55Cr
Manganese-565625Mn3155.9389029(4) u
[55.9251887 u]
{-56.91158 MeV}
3+56Cr
Manganese-575725Mn3256.9382860(16) u
[56.9245718 u]
{-57.48622 MeV}
5/2-57Cr
Manganese-585825Mn3357.9400666(29) u
[57.9263524 u]
{-55.8276 MeV}
1+58Cr
Manganese-58m58m25Mn3357.9400666(29) u
[57.9263524 u]
{-55.8276 MeV}
4+
Manganese-595925Mn3458.9403911(25) u
[58.9266769 u]
{-55.52533 MeV}
5/2-59Cr
Manganese-606025Mn3559.9431366(25) u
[59.9294224 u]
{-52.96792 MeV}
1+60Cr
Manganese-60m60m25Mn3559.9431366(25) u
[59.9294224 u]
{-52.96792 MeV}
4+
Manganese-616125Mn3660.9444525(25) u
[60.9307383 u]
{-51.74216 MeV}
(5/2-)61Cr
Manganese-626225Mn3761.947907(7) u
[61.9341928 u]
{-48.52432 MeV}
(1+)62Cr
Manganese-62m62m25Mn3761.947907(7) u
[61.9341928 u]
{-48.52432 MeV}
(4+)
Manganese-636325Mn3862.949665(4) u
[62.9359508 u]
{-46.88675 MeV}
5/2-63Cr
Manganese-646425Mn3963.953849(4) u
[63.9401348 u]
{-42.98938 MeV}
(1+)64Cr
Manganese-64m64m25Mn3963.953849(4) u
[63.9401348 u]
{-42.98938 MeV}
(4+)
Manganese-656525Mn4064.956020(4) u
[64.9423058 u]
{-40.96711 MeV}
(5/2-)65Cr
Manganese-666625Mn4165.960547(12) u
[65.9468328 u]
{-36.75023 MeV}
66Cr
Manganese-676725Mn4266.96408(32) u
[66.9503658 u]
{-33.45926 MeV}
(5/2-)67Cr
Manganese-686825Mn4367.96953(43) u
[67.9558158 u]
{-28.38262 MeV}
>3
Manganese-696925Mn4468.97341(43) u
[68.9596958 u]
{-24.76843 MeV}
(5/2-)
Manganese-707025Mn4569.97907(54) u
[69.9653558 u]
{-19.49617 MeV}
Manganese-717125Mn4670.98328(54) u
[70.9695658 u]
{-15.57458 MeV}

 

Radioactive Decay Properties

IsotopeRadioactive DecayExtern
Half-lifeDecay ModeProbabilityEnergy
789101112
Mn-42p → 41Cr
Mn-43p → 42Cr
Mn-44105 nsp → 43Cr
EC/β+44Cr
?
?

AL
Mn-45< 70 nsAL
Mn-4636.2(4) msβ+46Cr
EC, p → 45V
43 %
57.0(8) %
16.90(40) MeV
AL
Mn-46m1 msβ+46Cr17.1 MeVAL
Mn-47100(50) msβ+47Cr
β+, p → 46V
96.6 %
3.4(9) %
12.00(30) MeV
AL
Mn-48158.1(22) msβ+48Cr
β+, p → 47V
β+, α → 44Ti
99.71 %
0.027 %
6 x 10-4%
13.526(10) MeV

AL
Mn-49382(7) msβ+49Cr100 %7.712(3) MeVAL
Mn-50283.19(10) msEC β+50Cr100 %7.6345(6) MeVAL
Mn-50m1.75(3) minEC β+50Cr100 %7.887 MeVAL
Mn-5146.2(1) minEC β+51Cr100 %3.2075(6) MeVAL
Mn-525.591(3) dEC β+52Cr100 %4.7120(19) MeVAL
Mn-52m21.1(2) minEC β+52Cr
Iso → 52Mn
98.22(5) %
1.78(5) %
5.09 MeV
0.378 MeV
AL
Mn-533.74(4) × 106 aEC → 53Cr100 %0.5969(6) MeVAL
Mn-54312.2(2) dEC β+54Cr
β-54Fe
99.99 %
0.000093 %
1.3771(11) MeV
0.6969(11) MeV
AL
Mn-55stableAL
Mn-562.5789(1) hβ-56Fe100 %3.69554(21) MeVAL
Mn-5785.4(18) sβ-57Fe100 %2.6956(15) MeVAL
Mn-583.0(1) sβ-58Fe100 %6.3276(27) MeVAL
Mn-58m65.4(5) sβ-58Fe
Iso → 58Mn
90 %
10 %

AL
Mn-594.59(5) sβ-59Fe5.1395(24) MeVAL
Mn-600.28(2) sβ-60Fe100 %8.445(4) MeVAL
Mn-60m1.77(2) sβ-60Fe
Iso → 60Mn
88.5 %
11.5 %

AL
Mn-61709(8) msβ-61Fe100 %7.178(3) MeVAL
Mn-6292(13) msβ-62Fe
β-, n → 61Fe
100 %
?
10.354(7) MeV
2.325(7) MeV
AL
Mn-62m671(5) msβ-62Fe
β-, n → 61Fe
100 %
?

AL
Mn-63275(4) msβ-63Fe
β-, n → 62Fe
100 %
?
8.749(6) MeV
3.920(5) MeV
AL
Mn-6490(4) msβ-64Fe
β-, n → 63Fe
77 %
33 %
11.981(6) MeV
4.575(6) MeV
AL
Mn-64m0.50(5) msIso → 64Mn100 %AL
Mn-6592(1) msβ-65Fe
β-, n → 64Fe
79 %
21.0(5) %
10.251(6) MeV
5.931(6) MeV
AL
Mn-6665(2) msβ-66Fe13.317(12) MeVAL
Mn-6747(2) msβ-67Fe
β-, n → 66Fe
100 %
?
12.15(40) MeV
8.54(30) MeV
AL
Mn-6828(3) msβ-68Fe
β-, n → 67Fe
100 %
?
15.11(54) MeV
9.16(48) MeV
AL
Mn-6916(3) msβ-69Fe100 %14.26(56) MeVAL
Mn-7019.9(17) msβ-70Fe
β-, n → 69Fe

50(20) %
17.01(64) MeV
11.46(64) MeV
AL
Mn-71637 nsβ-71Fe
β-, n → 70Fe
β-, 2n → 69Fe
?
?
?
15.86(64) MeV
12.87(64) MeV
AL

 

Notes (related to the columns):

1 - name of the nuclide, isotope.
2 - E: isotope symbol with mass number (superscript; number of nucleons) and Atomic number (subscript; number of protons).
3 - N: number of neutrons.
4 - relative atomic mass of the Manganese isotope (isotopic mass including electrons) and the mass of the atomic nucleus in square brackets (nuclear mass, nuclide mass without electrons), each related to 12C = 12.00000 [2]. In addition, the mass excess is given in MeV.
5 - nuclear spin I, unit: h/2π.
6 - source nuclides: Possible, assumed or actual source nuclides (mother nuclides, parent nuclides). If applicable, the corresponding decay modes can be found in the data for the respective starting nuclide.

7 - isotope notation in short form.
8 - decay: half-live of the Manganese isotope (a = years; ; d = days; h = hours; min = minutes; s = seconds).
9 - decay mode: type of decay into the respective daughter nuclides with n = neutron emission; p = proton emission; α = alpha decay; β- = beta minus decay with electron emission; EC = electron capture; β+ = positron emission; ε = β+ and/or EC; Iso = isomeric transition; CD = cluster decay; SF = spontaneous decay.
10 - decay probability in percent (%).
11 - decay energy; Particle energy related to decay type.
12 - other information and notes: AL = Adopted Levels (link to external data [1]).

Miscellaneous:

()- Numbers in brackets: uncertainty to represent the spread of the reported value.
~ - Theoretical values or systematic trends.
  - unlisted-: Nuclides that have already been mentioned in the literature but for some reason can no longer be found in the current nuclide tables because their discovery e.g. has not confirmed.

 

NMR active Manganese nuclides

Nuclide
quantity 1)
spin
Nuclear
magnetic
moment
μ/μN
Gyromagnetic ratio
{Quadrupole moment}
Resonant
frequency
v0 bei 1 T
Relative
sensitivity
H0 = const.
v0 = const. 3)
55Mn
100 %
5/2-
+3,4669(6)6,608
{+ 0,33(1)}
10,57630,17881
2,8981

1) Quantity Percentage of natural occurrence.

2) Gyromagnetic ratio: 107 rad T-1 s-1
    Quadrupole moment: Q [barn] = [100 fm2]

3) Related to 1H = 1,000.

 

Radiation Protection

According to the Radiation Protection Ordinance (StrlSchV 2018, Germany), the following values (columns 1 to 7) apply to the handling of Manganese radionuclides:

NuclideLimit ValueHASS limitSCDaughter NuclidesHalf-life
Mn-51105 Bq10 Bq/g1 Bq cm-246.2 min
Mn-52105 Bq1 Bq/g0,02 TBq1 Bq cm-25.6 d
Mn-52m105 Bq10 Bq/gUnbegrenzt (UL)1 Bq cm-221.2 min
Mn-53109 Bq100 Bq/g100 Bq cm-23.7 × 106 a
Mn-54106 Bq0,1 Bq/g0,08 TBq1 Bq cm-2312.1 d
Mn-56105 Bq10 Bq/g0,04 TBq1 Bq cm-22.6 h

(HASS = High-Activity Sealed Radioactive Sources; SC = surface contamination)

 

Literature Sources and References

Properties of the Manganese nucleides

[1] - NuDat: National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, based on ENSDF and the Nuclear Wallet Cards.

[2] - G. Audi et. al.: The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties. Nuclear Physics, (2003), DOI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.

[3] - Live Chart of Nuclides. Nuclear structure and decay data.

Manganese: NMR properties - 55Mn-NMR

[4] - N. J. Stone: Table of nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, (2005), DOI 10.1016/j.adt.2005.04.001.

[5] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2008 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2008), DOI 10.1080/00268970802018367.

[6] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2017 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2018), DOI 10.1080/00268976.2018.1426131.

[7] - N. J. Stone: Table of recommended nuclear magnetic dipole moments. IAEA, (2019).

More sources:

[8] - Isotopic abundances, atomic weights and isotopic masses: see respective keyword.

[9] - K. Garofali, R. Robinson, M. Thoennessen:
Discovery of chromium, manganese, nickel, and copper isotopes.
In: Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, (2012), DOI 10.1016/j.adt.2011.11.002.

 


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Last update: 2022-11-17


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