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Isotopes of Radon

List, data and properties of all known isotopes of Radon.

Content
Atomic properties
Decay properties
NMR active nuclides
Radiation protection
References
Radon isotopes

36 isotopes and several nuclear isomers are known for the chemical element radon. With a half-life of less than 4 days, radon-222 is the most stable radon nuclide.

 

Naturally Occurring Radon Isotopes

Radon occurs in nature in extremely small amounts as intermediate products in natural decay chains: 218Rn, 219Rn, 220Rn, 222Rn and 223Rn. Due to the short half-lives, however, these isotopes decay quite quickly and disappear from the environment again.

 

 

Radon-219

219Radon - also: actinon, actinium emanation - is formed in the uranium-actinium series by the decay of 223Radium and further decays to 215Polonium.

 

Radon-220

220Radon - also: thoron, thorium emanation - is formed in the thorium series from 224radium and further decays to 216polonium.

 

Radon-222

222Radon - also: Radon, Radium Emanation, Emanation, Emanon, Niton - is the most stable radon nuclide with a half-life of 3.8 days. It is formed as a radioactive decay product in the uranium-radium series from 226radium and further decays into 218polonium.

 

Isotope Table: Radon

The two following tables list the most important data and properties of the Radon isotopes. Further information on the individual Radon isotopes is listed on separate pages and can be accessed via the link in column 1.

 

Atomic Properties

Isotope
Nuclide		ENAtomic Mass
[Nuclear Mass]
{Mass Excess}		Spin I
(h/2π)		Parent
123456
Radon-19319386Rn107193.009708(27) u
[192.9625358 u]
{9.04294 MeV}		(3/2-)
Radon-19419486Rn108194.006144(18) u
[193.9589718 u]
{5.7231 MeV}		(0+)
Radon-19519586Rn109195.00542(5) u
[194.9582478 u]
{5.0487 MeV}		3/2-
Radon-195m195m86Rn109195.00542(5) u
[194.9582478 u]
{5.0487 MeV}		13/2+
Radon-19619686Rn110196.002116(15) u
[195.9549438 u]
{1.97104 MeV}		0+
Radon-19719786Rn111197.001621(17) u
[196.9544488 u]
{1.50995 MeV}		(3/2-)
Radon-197m197m86Rn111197.001621(17) u
[196.9544488 u]
{1.50995 MeV}		(13/2+)
Radon-19819886Rn112197.998679(14) u
[197.9515068 u]
{-1.2305 MeV}		0+202Ra
Radon-19919986Rn113198.99839(4) u
[198.9512178 u]
{-1.49971 MeV}		(3/2-)203Ra
Radon-199m199m86Rn113198.99839(4) u
[198.9512178 u]
{-1.49971 MeV}		(13/2+)
Radon-20020086Rn114199.995701(15) u
[199.9485288 u]
{-4.00449 MeV}		0+204Ra
Radon-200m200m86Rn114199.995701(15) u
[199.9485288 u]
{-4.00449 MeV}
Radon-20120186Rn115200.99563(5) u
[200.9484578 u]
{-4.07063 MeV}		(3/2-)205Ra
Radon-201m201m86Rn115200.99563(5) u
[200.9484578 u]
{-4.07063 MeV}		(13/2+)
Radon-20220286Rn11620.1993264(19) u
[20.1521542 u]
{-169346.23665 MeV}		0+206Ra
Radon-20320386Rn117202.993394(2) u
[202.9462218 u]
{-6.15345 MeV}		(3/2-)207Ra
Radon-203m203m86Rn117202.993394(2) u
[202.9462218 u]
{-6.15345 MeV}		(13/2+)
Radon-20420486Rn118203.991444(8) u
[203.9442718 u]
{-7.96986 MeV}		0+208Ra
Radon-20520586Rn119204.991723(5) u
[204.9445508 u]
{-7.70998 MeV}		5/2-209Ra
Radon-20620686Rn120205.990195(9) u
[205.9430228 u]
{-9.1333 MeV}		0+210Ra
206Fr
Radon-20720786Rn121206.990730(9) u
[206.9435578 u]
{-8.63495 MeV}		5/2-211Ra
207Fr
Radon-207m207m86Rn121206.990730(9) u
[206.9435578 u]
{-8.63495 MeV}		13/2+
Radon-20820886Rn122207.989634(12) u
[207.9424618 u]
{-9.65587 MeV}		0+212Ra
208Fr
Radon-208m208m86Rn122207.989634(12) u
[207.9424618 u]
{-9.65587 MeV}		8+
Radon-20920986Rn123208.990401(11) u
[208.9432288 u]
{-8.94141 MeV}		5/2-213Ra
209Fr
Radon-209m1209m186Rn123208.990401(11) u
[208.9432288 u]
{-8.94141 MeV}		13/2+
Radon-209m2209m286Rn123208.990401(11) u
[208.9432288 u]
{-8.94141 MeV}		35/2+
Radon-21021086Rn124209.989689(5) u
[209.9425168 u]
{-9.60463 MeV}		0+214Ra
210Fr
Radon-210m1210m186Rn124209.989689(5) u
[209.9425168 u]
{-9.60463 MeV}		(8+)
Radon-210m2210m286Rn124209.989689(5) u
[209.9425168 u]
{-9.60463 MeV}		(17)-
Radon-210m3210m386Rn124209.989689(5) u
[209.9425168 u]
{-9.60463 MeV}		(23)+
Radon-21121186Rn125210.990601(7) u
[210.9434288 u]
{-8.75511 MeV}		1/2-215Ra
211Fr
Radon-21221286Rn126211.990704(4) u
[211.9435318 u]
{-8.65917 MeV}		0+216Ra
212Fr
Radon-21321386Rn127212.993885(4) u
[212.9467128 u]
{-5.69609 MeV}		(9/2+)217Ra
213Fr
Radon-21421486Rn128213.995363(10) u
[213.9481908 u]
{-4.31934 MeV}		0+218Ra
Radon-214m214m86Rn128213.995363(10) u
[213.9481908 u]
{-4.31934 MeV}		(22+)
Radon-21521586Rn129214.998745(8) u
[214.9515728 u]
{-1.16902 MeV}		9/2+219Ra
Radon-21621686Rn130216.000271(6) u
[215.9530988 u]
{0.25243 MeV}		0+220Ra
216At
Radon-21721786Rn131217.003928(5) u
[216.9567558 u]
{3.65891 MeV}		9/2+221Ra
217At
Radon-21821886Rn132218.0056011(25) u
[217.9584289 u]
{5.21739 MeV}		0+222Ra
218At
Radon-21921986Rn133219.0094788(23) u
[218.9623066 u]
{8.82945 MeV}		5/2+223Ra
219At
Radon-22022086Rn134220.0113925(19) u
[219.9642203 u]
{10.61205 MeV}		0+224Ra
220At
Radon-22122186Rn135221.015536(6) u
[220.9683638 u]
{14.47169 MeV}		7/2+225Ra
Radon-22222286Rn136222.0175763(21) u
[221.9704041 u]
{16.37222 MeV}		0+226Ra
Radon-22322386Rn137223.021889(8) u
[222.9747168 u]
{20.38947 MeV}		7/2225Ra
Radon-22422486Rn138224.024096(11) u
[223.9769238 u]
{22.44528 MeV}		0+
Radon-22522586Rn139225.028486(12) u
[224.9813138 u]
{26.53454 MeV}		7/2-
Radon-22622686Rn140226.030861(11) u
[225.9836888 u]
{28.74684 MeV}		0+
Radon-22722786Rn141227.035304(15) u
[226.9881318 u]
{32.88546 MeV}		(5/2)
Radon-22822886Rn142228.037835(19) u
[227.9906628 u]
{35.24308 MeV}		0+
Radon-22922986Rn143229.042257(14) u
[228.9950848 u]
{39.36214 MeV}
Radon-23023086Rn1440+

 

Radioactive Decay Properties

IsotopeRadioactive DecayExtern
Half-lifeDecay ModeProbabilityEnergy
789101112
Rn-1931.15(27) msα → 189Po~ 100 %8.040(12) MeVAL
Rn-1940.78(16) msα → 190Po~ 100 %7.862(10) MeVAL
Rn-195ca. 6 msα → 191Po~ 100 %7.69(5) MeVAL
Rn-195mca. 5 msα → 191Po~ 100 %AL
Rn-196ca. 4.4 msα → 192Po
EC/β+ → 196At		99.9(2) %
ca. 0.06 %		7.617(9) MeV
5.89(3) MeV		AL
Rn-197ca. 65 msα → 193Po~ 100 %7.411(7) MeVAL
Rn-197mca. 19 msα → 193Po? 100 %AL
Rn-19865(3) msα → 194Po
EC/β+ → 198At		?
?		7.349(4) MeV
5.584(15) MeV		AL
Rn-1990.59(3) sα → 195Po
EC/β+ → 199At		94 %
6 %		7.132(4) MeV
7.43(4) MeV		AL
Rn-199m0.31(2) sα → 195Po
EC/β+ → 199At		97 %
3 %
AL
Rn-200ca. 1.03 sα → 196Po
EC/β+ → 200At		ca. 86 %
ca. 14 %		7.0434(21) MeV
4.983(28) MeV		AL
Rn-200m25 μs
Rn-2017.0(4) sα → 197Po
EC/β+ → 201At		?
?		6.8607(23) MeV
6.72(5) MeV		AL
Rn-201m3.8(1) sα → 197Po
EC/β+ → 201At		?
?
AL
Rn-2029.7(1) sα → 198Po
EC/β+ → 202At		78(8) %
22(8) %		6.7738(18) MeV
4.32(3) MeV		AL
Rn-20344(2) sα → 199Po
EC/β+ → 203At		66(9) %
34(9) %		6.6299(21) MeV
6.009(21) MeV		AL
Rn-203m26.9(5) sα → 199Po
EC/β+ → 203At		75(10) %
25(10) %
AL
Rn-20474.5(14) sα → 200Po
EC/β+ → 204At		72.4(9) %
27.6(9) %		6.5466(18) MeV
3.905(23) MeV		AL
Rn-205170(4) sα → 201Po
EC/β+ → 205At		24.6(9) %
75.4(9) %		6.3865(18) MeV
5.262(16) MeV		AL
Rn-2065.67(17) minα → 202Po
EC/β+ → 206At		62(3) %
38(3) %		6.3837(16) MeV
3.297(17) MeV		AL
Rn-2079.25(17) minα → 203Po
EC/β+ → 207At		21(3) %
79(3) %		6.2512(16) MeV
4.593(15) MeV		AL
Rn-207m184.5(9) μsIso → 207Rn100 %AL
Rn-20824.35(14) minα → 204Po
EC/β+ → 208At		62(7) %
38(7) %		6.2607(17) MeV
2.814(14) MeV		AL
Rn-208m487(12) ns
Rn-20928.8(10) minα → 205Po
EC/β+ → 209At		17(2) %
83(2) %		6.1554(20) MeV
3.943(11) MeV		AL
Rn-209m113.4(13) μs
Rn-209m23.0(3) μs
Rn-2102.4(1) hα → 206Po
EC/β+ → 210At		96(1) %
4(1) %		6.1590(22) MeV
2.367(9) MeV		AL
Rn-210m1644(40) ns
Rn-210m21.06(5) μs
Rn-210m31.04(7) μs
Rn-21114.6(2) hα → 207Po
EC/β+ → 211At		27.4(17) %
72.6(17) %		5.9654(14) MeV
2.892(7) MeV		AL
Rn-21223.9(12) msα → 208Po100 %6.3851(26) MeVAL
Rn-21319.4(2) msα → 209Po100 %8.2452(29) MeVAL
Rn-2140.27(2) μsα → 210Po100 %9.208(9) MeVAL
Rn-214m245(30) nsAL
Rn-2152.30(10) μsα → 211Po100 %8.839(8) MeVAL
Rn-21645(5) μsα → 212Po100 %8.197(9)AL
Rn-2170.54(5) msα → 213Po100 %7.8872(29) MeVAL
Rn-21835(5) msα → 214Po100 %7.2625(18) MeVAL
Rn-2193.96(1) sα → 215Po100 %6.9462(3) MeVAL
Rn-22055.6(1) sα → 216Po100 %6.40474(10) MeVAL
Rn-22125(2) minα → 217Po
β- 221Fr		22(1) %
78(1) %		6.163(3) MeV
1.194(7) MeV		AL
Rn-2223.8235(3) dα → 218Po100 %5.5904(3) MeVAL
Rn-22324.3(4) minβ- 223Fr100 %2.007(8) MeVAL
Rn-224107(3) minβ- 224Fr100 %0.696(15) MeVAL
Rn-2254.66(4) minβ- 225Fr100 %2.714(16) MeVAL
Rn-2267.4(1) minβ- 226Fr100 %1.227(12) MeVAL
Rn-22720.2(4) sβ- 227Fr100 %3.203(15) MeVAL
Rn-22865(2) sβ- 228Fr100 %1.859(19) MeVAL
Rn-229ca. 12 sβ- 229Fr100 %3.694(14) MeVAL
Rn-230AL

 

Notes (related to the columns):

1 - name of the nuclide, isotope.
2 - E: isotope symbol with mass number (superscript; number of nucleons) and Atomic number (subscript; number of protons).
3 - N: number of neutrons.
4 - relative atomic mass of the Radon isotope (isotopic mass including electrons) and the mass of the atomic nucleus in square brackets (nuclear mass, nuclide mass without electrons), each related to 12C = 12.00000 [2]. In addition, the mass excess is given in MeV.
5 - nuclear spin I, unit: h/2π.
6 - source nuclides: Possible, assumed or actual source nuclides (mother nuclides, parent nuclides). If applicable, the corresponding decay modes can be found in the data for the respective starting nuclide.

7 - isotope notation in short form.
8 - decay: half-live of the Radon isotope (a = years; ; d = days; h = hours; min = minutes; s = seconds).
9 - decay mode: type of decay into the respective daughter nuclides with n = neutron emission; p = proton emission; α = alpha decay; β- = beta minus decay with electron emission; EC = electron capture; β+ = positron emission; ε = β+ and/or EC; Iso = isomeric transition; CD = cluster decay; SF = spontaneous decay.
10 - decay probability in percent (%).
11 - decay energy; Particle energy related to decay type.
12 - other information and notes: AL = Adopted Levels (link to external data [1]).

Miscellaneous:

()- Numbers in brackets: uncertainty to represent the spread of the reported value.
~ - Theoretical values or systematic trends.
  - unlisted-: Nuclides that have already been mentioned in the literature but for some reason can no longer be found in the current nuclide tables because their discovery e.g. has not confirmed.

 

NMR active Radon nuclides

Nuclide
quantity 1)
spin		Nuclear
magnetic
moment
μ/μN		Gyromagnetic ratio
{Quadrupole moment}		Resonant
frequency
v0 bei 1 T		Relative
sensitivity
H0 = const.
v0 = const. 3)
211Rn

1/2-		+ 0,601(7)
{}		9,160,00997
0,2152

1) Quantity Percentage of natural occurrence.

2) Gyromagnetic ratio: 107 rad T-1 s-1
    Quadrupole moment: Q [barn] = [100 fm2]

3) Related to 1H = 1,000.

 

Radiation Protection

According to the Radiation Protection Ordinance (StrlSchV 2018, Germany), the following values (columns 1 to 7) apply to the handling of Radon radionuclides:

NuclideLimit ValueHASS limitSCDaughter NuclidesHalf-life
Rn-220+107 Bq10000 Bq/gPo-216< 10 min
Rn-222+108 Bq10 Bq/gPo-218, Pb-214,
Bi-214, Po-214		3.8 d

(HASS = High-Activity Sealed Radioactive Sources; SC = surface contamination)

 

Literature Sources and References

Properties of the Radon nucleides

[1] - NuDat: National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, based on ENSDF and the Nuclear Wallet Cards.

[2] - G. Audi et. al.: The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties. Nuclear Physics, (2003), DOI 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001.

[3] - Live Chart of Nuclides. Nuclear structure and decay data.

Radon: NMR properties - 211Rn-NMR

[4] - N. J. Stone: Table of nuclear magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments. Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Tables, (2005), DOI 10.1016/j.adt.2005.04.001.

[5] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2008 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2008), DOI 10.1080/00268970802018367.

[6] - Pekka Pyykkö: Year-2017 nuclear quadrupole moments. Molecular Physics, (2018), DOI 10.1080/00268976.2018.1426131.

[7] - N. J. Stone: Table of recommended nuclear magnetic dipole moments. IAEA, (2019).

More sources:

[8] - Isotopic abundances, atomic weights and isotopic masses: see respective keyword.

[9] - NN:
Neues Radon-Isotop in die Falle gegangen: 229Rn.
In: Internetchemie News, (2009).

[10] - NN:
Standard für die Radon-220-Messung. PTB entwickelt weltweit erstes Primärnormal zur Kalibrierung von Thoron-Messgeräten.
In: Internetchemie News, (2011).

 

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