Rhodium
Chemical, physical and material properties and data of the chemical element Rhodium.
General Information about Rhodium
Regular nameRhodiumChemical symbolRhOther namesSystematic nameHistorical namesName meaning, originDiscovery (year)OccurencePosition in the PSEGroup membership
Atomar Properties of Rhodium
Atomic number Z45 = number of protonsStandard Atomic Weight102.90549 (2)
Electron configuration of Rhodium
| 1s | 2s | 2p | 3s | 3p | 3d | 4s | 4p | 4d | 4f | 5s | 5p | 5d | 5f | 6s | 6p | 6d | 6f | 7s | 7p |
|---|
| 2 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 6 | 10 | 2 | 6 | 8 | | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
Abbreviated form: [Kr] 4d8 5s1 .
Ionization Energies of Rhodium
The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volts (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Rhodium atom.
| IE1 | IE2 | IE3 |
|---|
| 7.45890 | 18.08 | 31.06 |
Isotopic Data of Rhodium
An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Rhodium isotopes.
Chemistry of Rhodium
Oxidation states+3Electronegativity2.2 (Pauling original)
2.28 (Pauling)
1.56 (Allen)
3.4611 eV (Gosh Gupta)
4.30 eV (Pearson)Electron affinity1.142 89(20) eV
110.27(2) kJ mol-1
Standard Electrode Potential
| E0 (V) | Symbol | Nox | Name Ox.
Name Red. | Ox.
Red. | e- |
|---|
| 0.431 | Rh | + III
0 | Hexachlororhodate(III) anion
Rhodium | [RhCl6]3-
⇄ Rh + 6 Cl- | + 3 e- |
| 0.600 | Rh | + I
0 | Rhodium(I) cation
Rhodium | Rh+
⇄ Rh | + e- |
| 0.758 | Rh | + III
0 | Rhodium(III) cation
Rhodium | Rh3+
⇄ Rh | + 3 e- |
Material and Physical Properties
Melting point1963 °CEnthalpy of fusion (molar)26.59 kJ mol-1Boiling point3695 °CEnthalpy of vaporization495.4 kJ mol-1Density12.41 g cm-3
External Data, Identifiers
CAS registry number7440-16-6InChI =1S/RhInChIKeyMHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-NPubChem ID23948
Last update: 2022-12-12
Perma link: https://www.chemlin.org/chemical-elements/rhodium.php
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