Aluminium
Chemical, physical and material properties and data of the chemical element Aluminium.
General Information about Aluminium
Regular nameAluminiumChemical symbolAlOther namesSystematic nameHistorical namesName meaning, originDiscovery (year)OccurencePosition in the PSEGroup membership
Atomar Properties of Aluminium
Atomic number Z13 = number of protonsStandard Atomic Weight26.9815384 (3)
Electron configuration of Aluminium
| 1s | 2s | 2p | 3s | 3p | 3d | 4s | 4p | 4d | 4f | 5s | 5p | 5d | 5f | 6s | 6p | 6d | 6f | 7s | 7p |
|---|
| 2 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Abbreviated form: [Ne] 3s2 3p1 .
Ionization Energies of Aluminium
The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volts (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Aluminium atom.
| IE1 | IE2 | IE3 | IE4 | IE5 | IE6 | IE7 | IE8 |
|---|
| 5.985768 | 18.82855 | 28.44765 | 119.992 | 153.825 | 190.49 | 241.76 | 284.66 |
Isotopic Data of Aluminium
An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Aluminium isotopes.
Chemistry of Aluminium
Oxidation states+3Electronegativity1.5 (Pauling original)
1.61 (Pauling)
1.613 (Allen)
1.4 (Mulliken)
1.54 (Sanderson)
1.47 (Allred-Rochow)
4.6393 eV (Gosh Gupta)
3.23 eV (Pearson)Electron affinity0.432 83(5) eV
41.762(5) kJ mol-1
Standard Electrode Potential
| E0 (V) | Symbol | Nox | Name Ox.
Name Red. | Ox.
Red. | e- |
|---|
| -2.310 | Al | + III
0 | Tetrahydroxyaluminate anion
Aluminium | Al(OH)4-
⇄ Al (s) + 4 OH- | + 3 e- |
| -2.30 | Al | + III
0 | Aluminium hydroxide
Aluminium | Al(OH)3 (s)
⇄ Al (s) + 3 OH- | + 3 e- |
| -1.676 | Al | + III
0 | Aluminium(III) cation
Aluminium | Al3+
⇄ Al (s) | + 3 e- |
Material and Physical Properties
Melting point660.323 °CEnthalpy of fusion (molar)10.71 kJ mol-1Enthalpy of fusion (specific)398 kJ mol-1Boiling point2519 °CEnthalpy of vaporization293.72 kJ mol-1Density2.70 g cm-3
External Data, Identifiers
CAS registry number7429-90-5InChI =1S/AlInChIKeyXAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-NPubChem ID5359268
Last update: 2022-11-24
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