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Flerovium - symbol: Fl - is the name accepted by the IUPAC in May 2012 for the artificial chemical element 114 (systematic name: Ununquadium, Uuq).
The name Flerovium was chosen in honor of the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions - a Russian research facility named after the physicist Georgij N. Flerov (1913-1990), where element 114 was first produced in 1998/1999 (see also: discovery of flerovium and livermorium).
The flerovium is assigned an atomic mass of 289 - commonly derived from the most stable isotope known and verified.
As a superheavy element of the 7th period of the periodic table, flerovium belongs to the element group of the transactinoids. In detail, it is a p-block or main group element from the carbon group.
Very few properties of flerovium or its compounds have been measured so far. This is due to the extremely limited and expensive production and the fact that the Fl atoms decay very quickly. A few properties could be measured directly; overall, however, the properties of this chemical element remain largely unknown, so that mostly only predictions and theoretical calculations are available.
Due to its position in the periodic table, flerovium probably has 4 valence electrons: 7s2 7p2. The electron configuration is:
| 1s | 2s | 2p | 3s | 3p | 3d | 4s | 4p | 4d | 4f | 5s | 5p | 5d | 5f | 6s | 6p | 6d | 6f | 7s | 7p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 6 | 10 | 2 | 6 | 10 | 14 | 2 | 6 | 10 | 14 | 2 | 6 | 10 | 2 | 2 |
Abbreviated form: [Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p2.
The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volts (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Flerovium atom.
| IE1 | IE2 | IE3 | IE4 | IE5 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 8.622 | 16.576 | 34.913 | 45.584 | 60.606 |
An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Flerovium isotopes.
[1] - Yu. Ts. Oganessian et al.:
Synthesis of Superheavy Nuclei in the 48Ca + 244Pu Reaction.
In: Physical Review Letters, (1999), DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.3154.
[2] - Yu. Ts. Oganessian et al.:
Synthesis of nuclei of the superheavy element 114 in reactions induced by 48Ca.
In: Nature, (1999), DOI 10.1038/22281.
[3] - Yu. Ts. Oganessian et al.:
Synthesis of superheavy nuclei in the 48Ca + 244Pu reaction: 288114.
In: Physical Review Letters, (2000), DOI 10.1103/PhysRevC.62.041604.
[4] - Yu. Ts. Oganessian et al.:
Measurements of cross sections for the fusion-evaporation reactions 244Pu(48Ca,xn)292-x114 and 245Cm(48Ca,xn)293-x116.
In: Physical Review C, (2004), DOI 10.1103/PhysRevC.69.054607.
[5] - Yu. Ts. Oganessian et al.:
Measurements of cross sections and decay properties of the isotopes of elements 112, 114, and 116 produced in the fusion reactions 233,238U, 242Pu, and 248Cm + 48Ca.
In: Physical Review C, (2004), DOI 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.064609.
[6] - L. Stavsetra et al.:
Independent Verification of Element 114 Production in the 48Ca + 242Pu Reaction.
In: Physical Review Letters, (2009), DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.132502.
[7] - Ch. E. Düllmann et al.:
Production and Decay of Element 114: High Cross Sections and the New Nucleus 277Hs.
In: Physical Review Letters, (2010), DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.252701.
[8] - Alexander Yakushev et al.:
Superheavy Element Flerovium (Element 114) Is a Volatile Metal.
In: Inorganic Chemistry, (2014), DOI 10.1021/ic4026766.
[9] - Abhik Ghosh, Jeanet Conradie:
The Valence States of Copernicium and Flerovium.
In: European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, (2016), DOI 10.1002/ejic.201600146.
[10] - A. Yakushev, L. Lens, Ch. E. Düllmann et al.:
On the adsorption and reactivity of element 114, flerovium.
In: Frontiers in Chemistry, (2022), DOI 10.3389/fchem.2022.976635.
Last update: 2023-01-18
Perma link: https://www.chemlin.org/chemical-elements/flerovium.php
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