Terbium
Chemical, physical and material properties and data of the chemical element Terbium.
General Information about Terbium
Regular nameTerbiumChemical symbolTbOther namesSystematic nameHistorical namesName meaning, originDiscovery (year)OccurencePosition in the PSEGroup membership
Atomar Properties of Terbium
Atomic number Z65 = number of protonsStandard Atomic Weight158.925354 (8)
Electron configuration of Terbium
| 1s | 2s | 2p | 3s | 3p | 3d | 4s | 4p | 4d | 4f | 5s | 5p | 5d | 5f | 6s | 6p | 6d | 6f | 7s | 7p |
|---|
| 2 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 6 | 10 | 2 | 6 | 10 | 9 | 2 | 6 | | | 2 | | | | | |
Abbreviated form: [Xe] 4f9 6s2 .
Ionization Energies of Terbium
The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volts (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Terbium atom.
| IE1 | IE2 | IE3 | IE4 |
|---|
| 5.8638 | 11.52 | 21.91 | 39.37 |
Isotopic Data of Terbium
An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Terbium isotopes.
Chemistry of Terbium
Oxidation states+3Electronegativity1.1 (Pauling original)
1.20 (Pauling)Electron affinity1.165 eV
112.4 kJ mol-1
Standard Electrode Potential
| E0 (V) | Symbol | Nox | Name Ox.
Name Red. | Ox.
Red. | e- |
|---|
| -2.31 | Tb | + III
0 | Terbium(III) cation
Terbium | Tb3+
⇄ Tb | + 3 e- |
| 3.1 | Tb | + IV
0 | Terbium(IV) cation
Terbium | Tb4+
⇄ Tb (s) | + 4 e- |
Material and Physical Properties
Melting point1359 °CEnthalpy of fusion (molar)10.15 kJ mol-1Boiling point3230 °CEnthalpy of vaporization391 kJ mol-1Density8.23 g cm-3
External Data, Identifiers
CAS registry number7440-27-9InChI =1S/TbInChIKeyGZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-NPubChem ID23958
Last update: 2022-12-12
Perma link: https://www.chemlin.org/chemical-elements/terbium.php
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