Tin

Chemical, physical and material properties and data of the chemical element Tin.

Content

General data

Atomar properties

Electron configutation

General Information about Tin

Regular nameTinChemical symbolSnOther namesSystematic nameHistorical namesName meaning, originDiscovery (year)OccurencePosition in the PSEGroup membership

Atomar Properties of Tin

Atomic number Z50 = number of protonsStandard Atomic Weight118.710 (7)

Electron configuration of Tin

1s	2s	2p	3s	3p	3d	4s	4p	4d	4f	5s	5p	5d	5f	6s	6p	6d	6f	7s	7p
2	2	6	2	6	10	2	6	10		2	2

Abbreviated form: [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s² 5p² .

Ionization Energies of Tin

The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volts (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Tin atom.

IE1	IE2	IE3	IE4	IE5
7.34392	14.6322	30.50260	40.73502	72.28

Isotopic Data of Tin

An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Tin isotopes.

Chemistry of Tin

Oxidation states+4. +2Electronegativity1.8 (Pauling original)
1.96 (Pauling)
1.824 (Allen)
1.8 (Mulliken)
2.02 (Sanderson)
1.72 (Allred-Rochow)
4.672 eV (Gosh Gupta)
4.30 eV (Pearson)Electron affinity1.112 070(2) eV
107.298 4(3) kJ mol^-1

Standard Electrode Potential

E⁰ (V)	Symbol	N_ox	Name Ox. Name Red.	Ox. Red.	e^-
-1.07	Sn	0 - IV	Tin Stannane	Sn (s) + 4 H⁺ ⇄ SnH₄ (g)	+ 4 e^-
-0.1375	Sn	+ II 0	Tin(II) cation Tin	Sn²⁺ ⇄ Sn (s)	+ 2 e^-
-0.1	Sn	+ II 0	Tin oxide Tin	SnO (s) + 2 H⁺ ⇄ Sn (s) + H₂O	+ 2 e^-
-0.09	Sn	+ IV + II	Tin dioxide Tin oxide	SnO₂ (s) + 2 H⁺ ⇄ SnO (s) + H₂O	+ 2 e^-
0.151	Sn	+ IV + II	Tin(IV) cation Tin(II) cation	Sn⁴⁺ ⇄ Sn²⁺	+ 2 e^-

Material and Physical Properties

Melting point231.928 °CEnthalpy of fusion (molar)7.03 kJ mol^-1Boiling point2586 °CEnthalpy of vaporization290.4 kJ mol^-1Density7.265 g cm^-3 (β-Sn. 20 °C)

External Data, Identifiers

CAS registry number7440-31-5InChI =1S/SnInChIKeyATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-NPubChem ID5352426

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isotopes

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Last update: 2022-12-12

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