Cadmium
Chemical, physical and material properties and data of the chemical element Cadmium.
General Information about Cadmium
Regular nameCadmiumChemical symbolCdOther namesSystematic nameHistorical namesName meaning, originDiscovery (year)OccurencePosition in the PSEGroup membership
Atomar Properties of Cadmium
Atomic number Z48 = number of protonsStandard Atomic Weight112.414 (4)
Electron configuration of Cadmium
| 1s | 2s | 2p | 3s | 3p | 3d | 4s | 4p | 4d | 4f | 5s | 5p | 5d | 5f | 6s | 6p | 6d | 6f | 7s | 7p |
|---|
| 2 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 6 | 10 | 2 | 6 | 10 | | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
Abbreviated form: [Kr] 4d10 5s2 .
Ionization Energies of Cadmium
The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volts (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Cadmium atom.
| IE1 | IE2 | IE3 |
|---|
| 8.99382 | 16.90831 | 37.48 |
Isotopic Data of Cadmium
An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Cadmium isotopes.
Chemistry of Cadmium
Valence electrons2Oxidation states+2Electronegativity1.7 (Pauling original)
1.69 (Pauling)
1.52 (Allen)
1.73 (Sanderson)
1.46 (Allred-Rochow)
3.7958 eV (Gosh Gupta)
4.33 eV (Pearson)Electron affinity-0.7(2) eV
-68(20) kJ mol-1
Standard Electrode Potential
| E0 (V) | Symbol | Nox | Name Ox.
Name Red. | Ox.
Red. | e- |
|---|
| -0.4 | Cd | + II
0 | Cadmium(II) cation
Cadmium | Cd2+
⇄ Cd (s) | + 2 e- |
Material and Physical Properties
Melting point321.069 °CEnthalpy of fusion (molar)6.21 kJ mol-1Boiling point767 °CEnthalpy of vaporization99.87 kJ mol-1Density8.65 g cm-3
External Data, Identifiers
CAS registry number7440-43-9InChI =1S/CdInChIKeyBDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-NPubChem ID23973
Last update: 2022-12-12
Perma link: https://www.chemlin.org/chemical-elements/cadmium.php
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