Fluorine
Chemical, physical and material properties and data of the chemical element Fluorine.
General Information about Fluorine
Regular nameFluorineChemical symbolFOther namesSystematic nameHistorical namesName meaning, originDiscovery (year)OccurencePosition in the PSEGroup membership
Atomar Properties of Fluorine
Atomic number Z9 = number of protonsStandard Atomic Weight18.998403163 (6)
Electron configuration of Fluorine
| 1s | 2s | 2p | 3s | 3p | 3d | 4s | 4p | 4d | 4f | 5s | 5p | 5d | 5f | 6s | 6p | 6d | 6f | 7s | 7p |
|---|
| 2 | 2 | 5 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Abbreviated form: [He] 2s2 2p5 .
Ionization Energies of Fluorine
The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volts (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Fluorine atom.
| IE1 | IE2 | IE3 | IE4 | IE5 | IE6 | IE7 | IE8 |
|---|
| 17.4228 | 34.9708 | 62.7084 | 87.1398 | 114.2428 | 157.1651 | 185.186 | 953.9112 |
Isotopic Data of Fluorine
An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Fluorine isotopes.
Chemistry of Fluorine
Oxidation states-1Electronegativity4.0 (Pauling original)
3.98 (Pauling)
4.193 (Allen)
4.1 (Mulliken)
3.92 (Sanderson)
4.10 (Allred-Rochow)
10.0378 eV (Gosh Gupta)
10.41 eV (Pearson)Electron affinity3.401 189 8(25) eV
328.164 9(3) kJ mol-1
Standard Electrode Potential
| E0 (V) | Symbol | Nox | Name Ox.
Name Red. | Ox.
Red. | e- |
|---|
| 2.866 | F | 0
- I | Fluorine
Fluoride anion | F2 (g)
⇄ 2 + F- | + 2 e- |
| 3.05 | F | 0
- I | Fluorine
Hydrogen fluoride | F2 (g) + 2 H+ (g)
⇄ 2 HF (aq) | + 2 e- |
Material and Physical Properties
Melting point- 219.67 °CEnthalpy of fusion (molar)0.510 kJ mol-1Boiling point- 188.12 °CEnthalpy of vaporization6.548 kJ mol-1Density1.696 g L -1 (0°C; 101.325 kPa. F2)
External Data, Identifiers
CAS registry number7782-41-4InChI =1S/FInChIKeyYCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-NPubChem ID24524
Last update: 2022-12-12
Perma link: https://www.chemlin.org/chemical-elements/fluorine.php
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