Lithium
Chemical, physical and material properties and data of the chemical element Lithium.
General Information about Lithium
Regular nameLithiumChemical symbolLiOther namesElement 3Systematic nameHistorical namesName meaning, originDiscovery (year)OccurencePosition in the PSEGroup membership
Atomar Properties of Lithium
Atomic number Z3 = number of protonsStandard Atomic Weight6.94
intervall: [6.938, 6.997]
Electron configuration of Lithium
| 1s | 2s | 2p | 3s | 3p | 3d | 4s | 4p | 4d | 4f | 5s | 5p | 5d | 5f | 6s | 6p | 6d | 6f | 7s | 7p |
|---|
| 2 | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Abbreviated form: [He] 2s1.
Ionization Energies of Lithium
The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volts (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Lithium atom.
| IE1 | IE2 | IE3 |
|---|
| 5.391719 | 75.6400 | 122.45429 |
Isotopic Data of Lithium
An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Lithium isotopes.
Chemistry of Lithium
Oxidation states+1Electronegativity1.0 (Pauling original)
0.98 (Pauling)
0.912 (Allen)
1.3 (Mulliken)
0.86 (Sanderson)
0.97 (Allred-Rochow)
2.4435 eV (Gosh Gupta)
3.01 eV (Pearson)Electron affinity0.618 049(22) eV
59.632 6(21) kJ mol-1
Standard Electrode Potential
| E0 (V) | Symbol | Nox | Name Ox.
Name Red. | Ox.
Red. | e- |
|---|
| -3.0401 | Li | + I
0 | Lithium cation
Lithium | Li +
⇄ Li (s) | + e- |
Material and Physical Properties
Melting point180.54 °CEnthalpy of fusion (molar)3.00 kJ mol-1Boiling point1342 °CEnthalpy of vaporization134.7 kJ mol-1Density0.534 g cm-3 (20°C)
External Data, Identifiers
CAS registry number7439-93-2InChI =1S/LiInChIKeyWHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-NPubChem ID3028194
Last update: 2022-12-22
Perma link: https://www.chemlin.org/chemical-elements/lithium.php
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