Lithium

Chemical, physical and material properties and data of the chemical element Lithium.

Contents

General Information about Lithium

Regular nameLithiumChemical symbolLiOther namesElement 3Historical namesName meaning, originDiscovery (year)OccurencePosition in the PSEGroup membership

Atomar Properties of Lithium

Atomic number Z3 = number of protonsStandard Atomic Weight6.94
intervall: [6.938, 6.997]

Electron configuration of Lithium

1s	2s	2p	3s	3p	3d	4s	4p	4d	4f	5s	5p	5d	5f	6s	6p	6d	6f	7s	7p
2	1

Shorthand electron configuration of Lithium: [He] 2s¹.

Ionization Energies of Lithium

The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volt (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Lithium atom.

IE1	IE2	IE3
5.391719	75.6400	122.45429

Isotopic Data of Lithium

An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Lithium isotopes.

Chemistry of Lithium

Oxidation states+1Electronegativity1.0 (Pauling original)
0.98 (Pauling)
0.912 (Allen)
1.3 (Mulliken)
0.86 (Sanderson)
0.97 (Allred-Rochow)
2.4435 eV (Gosh Gupta)
3.01 eV (Pearson)Electron affinity0.618 049(22) eV
59.632 6(21) kJ mol^-1

Standard Electrode Potential

E⁰ (V)	Symbol	N_ox	Name Ox. Name Red.	Ox. Red.	e^-
-3.0401	Li	+ I 0	Lithium cation Lithium	Li ⁺ ⇄ Li (s)	+ e^-

Material and Physical Properties

Melting point180.54 °CEnthalpy of fusion (molar)3.00 kJ mol^-1Boiling point1342 °CEnthalpy of vaporization134.7 kJ mol^-1Density0.534 g cm^-3 (20°C)

External Data, Identifiers

CAS registry number7439-93-2InChI =1S/LiInChIKeyWHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-NPubChem ID3028194

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isotopes

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Last update: 2022-12-22

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