Polonium
Chemical, physical and material properties and data of the chemical element Polonium.
General Information about Polonium
Regular namePoloniumChemical symbolPoOther namesSystematic nameHistorical namesName meaning, originDiscovery (year)OccurencePosition in the PSEGroup membership
Atomar Properties of Polonium
Atomic number Z84 = number of protonsStandard Atomic Weight209.982872793
Electron configuration of Polonium
| 1s | 2s | 2p | 3s | 3p | 3d | 4s | 4p | 4d | 4f | 5s | 5p | 5d | 5f | 6s | 6p | 6d | 6f | 7s | 7p |
|---|
| 2 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 6 | 10 | 2 | 6 | 10 | 14 | 2 | 6 | 10 | | 2 | 4 | | | | |
Abbreviated form: [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p4 .
Ionization Energies of Polonium
The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volts (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Polonium atom.
Isotopic Data of Polonium
An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Polonium isotopes.
Chemistry of Polonium
Oxidation states+2. +4. -2Electronegativity2.0 (Pauling original)
2.00 (Pauling)
2.39 (Allen)Electron affinity1.40(7) eV
136(7) kJ mol-1
Standard Electrode Potential
| E0 (V) | Symbol | Nox | Name Ox.
Name Red. | Ox.
Red. | e- |
|---|
| 0.368 | Po | + II
0 | Polonium(II) cation
Polonium | Po2+
⇄ Po (s) | + 2 e- |
| 1.095 | Po | + IV
+ II | Polonium(IV) oxide
Polonium(II) cation | PoO2 + 4 H+
⇄ Po2+ + 2 H2O | + 2 e- |
Material and Physical Properties
Melting point254 °CEnthalpy of fusion (molar)13 kJ mol-1Boiling point962 °CEnthalpy of vaporization100.8 kJ mol-1Density9.196 g cm-3
External Data, Identifiers
CAS registry number7440-08-6InChI =1S/PoInChIKeyHZEBHPIOVYHPMT-UHFFFAOYSA-NPubChem ID6328143
Last update: 2022-12-12
Perma link: https://www.chemlin.org/chemical-elements/polonium.php
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