Silver

Chemical, physical and material properties and data of the chemical element Silver.

Contents

General Information about Silver

Regular nameSilverChemical symbolAgOther namesHistorical namesName meaning, originDiscovery (year)OccurencePosition in the PSEGroup membership

Atomar Properties of Silver

Atomic number Z47 = number of protonsStandard Atomic Weight107.8682 (2)

Electron configuration of Silver

1s	2s	2p	3s	3p	3d	4s	4p	4d	4f	5s	5p	5d	5f	6s	6p	6d	6f	7s	7p
2	2	6	2	6	10	2	6	10		1

Shorthand electron configuration of Silver: [Kr] 4d¹⁰ 5s¹ .

Ionization Energies of Silver

The following table lists the ionization energies IE (ionization potentials); the IE is the energy required in electron volt (eV) per atom to separate a given electron from an Silver atom.

IE1	IE2	IE3
7.57623	21.47746	34.83

Isotopic Data of Silver

An overview of the nuclides as well as the isotopic data and properties are listed on the following page: Silver isotopes.

Chemistry of Silver

Oxidation states+ 1Electronegativity1.9 (Pauling original)
1.93 (Pauling)
1.87 (Allen)
3.6842 eV (Gosh Gupta)
4.44 eV (Pearson)Electron affinity1.304 47(3) eV
125.862(3) kJ mol^-1

Standard Electrode Potential

E⁰ (V)	Symbol	N_ox	Name Ox. Name Red.	Ox. Red.	e^-
-0.15224	Ag	+ I 0	Silver iodide Silver	AgI (s) ⇄ Ag (s) + I^-	+ e^-
0.07133	Ag	+ I 0	Silver bromide Silver	AgBr (s) ⇄ Ag (s) + Br^-	+ e^-
0.22233	Ag	+ I 0	Silver chloride Silver	AgCl (s) ⇄ Ag (s) + Cl^-	+ e^-
0.7996	Ag	+ I 0	Silver cation Silver	Ag⁺ ⇄ Ag (s)	+ e^-
1.17	Ag	+ I 0	Silver(I) oxide Silver	Ag₂O (s) + 2 H⁺ ⇄ 2 Ag (s) + H₂O	+ 2 e^-
1.67	Ag	+ III + I	Silver(III) oxide Silver cation	Ag₂O₃ (s) + 6 H⁺ ⇄ 2 Ag⁺ + 3 H₂O	+ 4 e^-
1.772	Ag	+ II + I	Silver oxide Silver cation	AgO (s) + 2 H⁺ ⇄ Ag⁺ + H₂O	+ e e^-
1.98	Ag	+ II + I	Silver(II) cation Silver cation	Ag²⁺ ⇄ Ag⁺	+ e^-

Material and Physical Properties

Melting point961.78 °CEnthalpy of fusion (molar)11.28 kJ mol^-1Boiling point2162 °CEnthalpy of vaporization255.1 kJ mol^-1Density10.49 g cm^-3

External Data, Identifiers

CAS registry number7440-22-4InChI =1S/AgInChIKeyBQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-NPubChem ID23954

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Last update: 2022-12-12

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